Técnicas quirúrgicas conservadoras uterinas en el manejo de la hemorragia postparto

La hemorragia postparto es la primera causa de muerte materna prevenible en el mundo. Cuando el tratamiento conservador (compresión bimanual, uterotónicos o taponamiento uterino) fracasa se deben iniciar medidas invasivas. La embolización arterial selectiva o la cirugía conservadora son las alternativas a la histerectomía en las hemorragias masivas. El objetivo del trabajo es revisar los resultados de las distintas técnicas quirúrgicas conservadoras empleadas en los últimos 10 años. Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica en la base de datos PubMed con las siguientes palabras clave “postpartum hemorrhage” en combinación con “conservative surgical” y “hemostatic techniques” (desde Enero del 2005 hasta Febrero del 2015). Se empleó el gestor de bibliografía Mendeley para aplicar los criterios de exclusión y a través de la herramienta de búsqueda AlcorZe de la BUZ se pudo acceder a los 31 artículos que se revisaron. A partir de la bibliografía de estos artículos se accedió a otras referencias de de interés. Las distintas técnicas quirúrgicas conservadoras (suturas compresivas y ligaduras arteriales) fueron analizadas en función a su eficacia a la hora de detener la hemorragia y evitar la histerectomía, y en función a sus efectos secundarios inmediatos y a largo plazo. Actualmente, no existe evidencia de que una técnica sea superior a otras y no hay un consenso sobre el uso óptimo de las mismas. En la mayoría de los casos, se recomienda que el tipo de intervención elegida se base en el estado hemodinámico de la paciente y la experiencia del obstetra. La baja evidencia de los trabajos publicados hasta la fecha (y la dificultad de mejorarla en un futuro) hace poco probable que a corto plazo se pueda establecer un protocolo homogéneo de actuación

Development of a textile nanocomposite as naked eye indicator of the exposition to strong acids

[EN] Chemical burns, mainly produced by acids, are a topic of concern. A new sensing material for the detection of strong acids able to be incorporated into textiles has been developed. The material is prepared by the covalent attachment of 2,2 ',4,4 ',4 ''-pentamethoxy triphenyl methanol to a mesoporous material which further is included in a nitro resin to obtain a colourless composite. The response of this composite to diverse acid solutions was tested showing the appearance of an intense purple colour (with a colour difference higher than 160) that can be monitored by the naked eye or could be easily digitised to feed an instrumental sensor. Reversibility and resistance to washing cycles were studied with positive results. Finally, the response of the sensing composite to acid vapours was assayed, observing a colour change similar to that found in solution.The authors thank the financial support from the Spanish Government (project MAT2015-64139-C4-1-R) and the Generalitat Valenciana (project PROMETEOII/2014/047).Pallas, I.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Martínez-Máñez, R.; Ros-Lis, JV. (2017). Development of a textile nanocomposite as naked eye indicator of the exposition to strong acids. Sensors. 17(9):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17092134S112179MCCOY, M. (2008). MADE IN WISCONSIN. Chemical & Engineering News, 86(19), 27. doi:10.1021/cen-v086n019.p027Koh, D.-H., Lee, S.-G., & Kim, H.-C. (2017). Incidence and characteristics of chemical burns. Burns, 43(3), 654-664. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2016.08.037Ye, C., Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Ni, L., Jiang, R., Liu, L., & Han, C. (2016). Ten-year epidemiology of chemical burns in western Zhejiang Province, China. Burns, 42(3), 668-674. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2015.12.004Ghahremani Honarvar, M., & Latifi, M. (2016). Overview of wearable electronics and smart textiles. The Journal of The Textile Institute, 108(4), 631-652. doi:10.1080/00405000.2016.1177870Stoppa, M., & Chiolerio, A. (2014). Wearable Electronics and Smart Textiles: A Critical Review. Sensors, 14(7), 11957-11992. doi:10.3390/s140711957Van der Schueren, L., & De Clerck, K. (2012). Coloration and application of pH-sensitive dyes on textile materials. Coloration Technology, 128(2), 82-90. doi:10.1111/j.1478-4408.2011.00361.xStaneva, D., Betcheva, R., & Chovelon, J.-M. (2007). Optical sensor for aliphatic amines based on the simultaneous colorimetric and fluorescence responses of smart textile. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 106(3), 1950-1956. doi:10.1002/app.26724Steyaert, I., Vancoillie, G., Hoogenboom, R., & De Clerck, K. (2015). Dye immobilization in halochromic nanofibers through blend electrospinning of a dye-containing copolymer and polyamide-6. Polymer Chemistry, 6(14), 2685-2694. doi:10.1039/c5py00060bDe Meyer, T., Steyaert, I., Hemelsoet, K., Hoogenboom, R., Van Speybroeck, V., & De Clerck, K. (2016). Halochromic properties of sulfonphthaleine dyes in a textile environment: The influence of substituents. Dyes and Pigments, 124, 249-257. doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.09.007Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2003). Fluorogenic and Chromogenic Chemosensors and Reagents for Anions. Chemical Reviews, 103(11), 4419-4476. doi:10.1021/cr010421eQuang, D. T., & Kim, J. S. (2010). Fluoro- and Chromogenic Chemodosimeters for Heavy Metal Ion Detection in Solution and Biospecimens. Chemical Reviews, 110(10), 6280-6301. doi:10.1021/cr100154pZhang, X., Yin, J., & Yoon, J. (2014). Recent Advances in Development of Chiral Fluorescent and Colorimetric Sensors. Chemical Reviews, 114(9), 4918-4959. doi:10.1021/cr400568bSalinas, Y., Ros-Lis, J. V., Vivancos, J.-L., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Aucejo, S., … Lorente, I. (2012). Monitoring of chicken meat freshness by means of a colorimetric sensor array. The Analyst, 137(16), 3635. doi:10.1039/c2an35211gEsteban, J., Ros-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Moragues, M., Soto, J., & Sancenón, F. (2010). Sensitive and Selective Chromogenic Sensing of Carbon Monoxide by Using Binuclear Rhodium Complexes. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49(29), 4934-4937. doi:10.1002/anie.201001344Scott, B. J., Wirnsberger, G., & Stucky, G. D. (2001). Mesoporous and Mesostructured Materials for Optical Applications. Chemistry of Materials, 13(10), 3140-3150. doi:10.1021/cm0110730Melde, B., Johnson, B., & Charles, P. (2008). Mesoporous Silicate Materials in Sensing. Sensors, 8(8), 5202-5228. doi:10.3390/s8085202Wagner, T., Haffer, S., Weinberger, C., Klaus, D., & Tiemann, M. (2013). Mesoporous materials as gas sensors. Chem. Soc. Rev., 42(9), 4036-4053. doi:10.1039/c2cs35379bAznar, E., Mondragón, L., Ros-Lis, J. V., Sancenón, F., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., … Amorós, P. (2011). Finely Tuned Temperature-Controlled Cargo Release Using Paraffin-Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 50(47), 11172-11175. doi:10.1002/anie.201102756Coll, C., Ros-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Sancenón, F., & Soto, J. (2010). A new approach for the selective and sensitive colorimetric detection of ionic surfactants in water. J. Mater. Chem., 20(8), 1442-1451. doi:10.1039/b910659fRos-Lis, J. V., Casasús, R., Comes, M., Coll, C., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., … Rurack, K. (2008). A Mesoporous 3D Hybrid Material with Dual Functionality for Hg2+Detection and Adsorption. Chemistry - A European Journal, 14(27), 8267-8278. doi:10.1002/chem.200800632Sanfeliu, C., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., Puchol, V., Amorós, P., & Marcos, M. D. (2012). Low-cost materials for boron adsorption from water. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 22(48), 25362. doi:10.1039/c2jm32819dDescalzo, A. B., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Hoffmann, K., & Rurack, K. (2006). The Supramolecular Chemistry of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 45(36), 5924-5948. doi:10.1002/anie.200600734Descalzo, A. B., Jimenez, D., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Soto, J., El Haskouri, J., … Borrachero, M. V. (2002). A New Approach to Chemosensors for Anions Using MCM-41 Grafted with Amino Groups. Advanced Materials, 14(13-14), 966-969. doi:10.1002/1521-4095(20020705)14:13/143.0.co;2-

Does opening a milk bank in a neonatal unit change infant feeding practices? A before and after study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Donor human milk banks are much more than simple centers for collection, storage, processing, and distribution of donor human milk, as they cover other aspects and represent a real opportunity to promote and support breastfeeding. The aim of our study is to assess the impact that opening a human milk bank has had on the proportion of infants receiving exclusive breast milk at discharge and other aspects related to feeding children with birth weight < or = 1500 g or < 32 weeks gestation admitted to the neonatal unit.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study included babies of < or = 1500 g or < 32 weeks gestation. Fifty infants born from February to July in 2006, before the opening of the human milk bank, and 54 born from February to July in 2008, after its opening, met inclusive criteria. We collected data about days of hospital stay, hours of life when feeding was started, hours of life when full enteral feeding was attained, the type of milk received during admission, and the type of feeding on discharge.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Children born in 2008 commenced feeding 16 hours earlier than those born in 2006 (p = 0.00). The proportion of infants receiving exclusive breast milk at discharge was 54% in 2006 and 56% in 2008 (p = 0.87). The number of days they received their mother's own milk during the first 28 days of life was 24.2 days in 2006, compared to 23.7 days in 2008 (p = 0.70). In 2006, 60% of infants received infant formula at least once in the first 28 days of life, compared to 37% in 2008 (p = 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The opening of a donor human milk bank in a neonatal unit did not reduce the proportion of infants exclusively fed with breast milk at discharge, but did reduce the proportion of infants that received infant formula during the first four weeks of life. Also, having donor human milk available enables commencement of enteral feeding earlier.</p

Esperar con esperanza: proyecto de intervención grupal con usuarios del I.A.I.

Proyecto de intervención para usuarios del Ingreso Aragonés de Inserción. Durante el desarrollo de este trabajo se han estudiado las distintas necesidades a nivel psicosocial de las personas perceptoras del IAI, la denuncia que empoderaban una serie de instituciones sobre los continuos retrasos en la percepción de la prestación, los colapsos de los CMSS y la denuncia contra la nueva modificación del IAI, que finalmente fue anulada. Hemos realizado dicho estudio a través de un pequeño trabajo de campo dentro de la asamblea que realiza el Espacio de Derechos de Zaragoza, también a través de la realización de entrevistas tanto a profesionales como a usuarios, y mediante observación participativa. Tras la valoración de las necesidades psicosociales que no estaban siendo atendidas hemos considerado la creación de un grupo de ayuda mutua

Desarrollo de un textil indicador para ácidos fuertes basado en materiales mesoporosos

[ES] El objetivo de este proyecto se centra en el desarrollo y caracterización de un textil indicador colorimétrico para ácidos fuertes, sintetizado a partir de uno de estos materiales mesoporosos, concretamente el UVM-7. La existencia de accidentes laborales en diferentes ámbitos de la industria debido a que los operarios se exponen a atmósferas ácidas agresivas sin tener conocimiento de ello hace plantearse la necesidad de diseñar una sustancia que permita detectar la presencia de dicha atmósfera. En este sentido, se propone como solución el desarrollo de un indicador que pueda ser aplicado a los tejidos textiles y que posibilite una rápida detección. Los materiales objeto del presente proyecto son sólidos mesoporosos.Pallás Ramírez, I. (2013). Desarrollo de un textil indicador para ácidos fuertes basado en materiales mesoporosos. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/173239Archivo delegad

Influencia del estrés en el comportamiento alimentario del perro.

Tanto en la especie humana como en animales de laboratorio se ha demostrado la influencia que ejercen el estrés y el estado emocional en la conducta alimentaria, provocando un incremento de la ingesta, especialmente de determinados alimentos. Sin embargo, apenas existen estudios a este respecto en animales de compañía, a pesar de las consecuencias que pueden derivarse de un patrón alimentario anómalo, entre las que se incluye la obesidad. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue dilucidar si existe una relación entre el estado emocional y el patrón alimentario en la especie canina. En segunda instancia, se intentó esclarecer si los perros que mostraban este tipo de modificación en su conducta alimentaria seguían algún patrón determinado. Para ello, se rediseñó una encuesta elaborada en un estudio preliminar del mismo grupo (Lacoma Torres, 2015) para optimizar la posterior interpretación de los datos obtenidos, así como para obtener información adicional. Dicha encuesta se realizó a los propietarios de perros que habían acudido a la consulta de Etología del Hospital Clínico Veterinario de la Universidad de Zaragoza durante el periodo de 2012-2015, así como al público general a través de una red social, obteniéndose un total de 1157 respuestas que, tras un proceso de limpieza y aplicación de criterios de exclusión, fueron reducidas a 1099 respuestas válidas. Tras integrar los resultados en una base de datos, se procedió a su depuración para permitir un correcto análisis. Éste se realizó mediante el programa de estadística PSPP, versión 0.10.1-g1082b8 (PSPP_0.10.1_2016-04-01_32bits.exe). De los resultados obtenidos cabe destacar que el porcentaje de sobrepeso fue notablemente mayor entre los pacientes de la consulta de Etología que en el resto de grupos. Asimismo, el 50% de los animales considerados muy nerviosos presentaba el hábito de robar comida, lo que sugeriría la existencia de ingesta de tipo emocional en perros

Polyvalent detection of twelve viruses and four viroids affecting tomato by using a unique polyprobe

Non-radioactive molecular hybridization represents an attractive approach for the detection of multiple plant virus and/or viroids and a good alternative to the more extended serological and PCR-based detection methods. The use of polyprobes or riboprobes carrying partial sequences of different plant viruses or viroids fused in tandem, has permitted the detection of up to 10 different pathogens or the development of genus-specific probes. In the present article, the polyprobe technology has been adapted for the detection of the main viruses and viroids affecting tomato crops. To do this, three polyprobes have been developed covering four viroids (Poly4), twelve viruses (Poly12) or the four viroids plus the twelve viruses (poly16). The detection limit of the three polyprobes was comparable to the individual probes allowing the detection of up to 0,2 pg/μl of viral or viroidal RNA. A survey of 50 field samples revealed that all positive samples detected with the individual probes were also detected with the corresponding poly12 (98%) or poly16 (100%) probes. The analysis of tomato seeds revealed that both, single and polyprobes, were able to detect an infected seed in a pool of 250 healthy seeds. Finally, a ring-test analysis among six laboratories revealed a high reproducibility of the non-radioactive molecular hybridization procedure using the three polyprobes. The use of this technology in the routine analysis of tomato samples is discussed.This work was supported by grant BIO2017–88321-R from the Spanish Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica (DGICYT) and the Prometeo Program GV2015/010 from the Generalitat Valenciana

Polyvalent detection of twelve viruses and four viroids affecting tomato by using a unique polyprobe

[EN] Non-radioactive molecular hybridization represents an attractive approach for the detection of multiple plant virus and/or viroids and a good alternative to the more extended serological and PCR-based detection methods. The use of polyprobes or riboprobes carrying partial sequences of different plant viruses or viroids fused in tandem, has permitted the detection of up to 10 different pathogens or the development of genus-specific probes. In the present article, the polyprobe technology has been adapted for the detection of the main viruses and viroids affecting tomato crops. To do this, three polyprobes have been developed covering four viroids (Poly4), twelve viruses (Poly12) or the four viroids plus the twelve viruses (poly16). The detection limit of the three polyprobes was comparable to the individual probes allowing the detection of up to 0,2 pg/mu l of viral or viroidal RNA. A survey of 50 field samples revealed that all positive samples detected with the individual probes were also detected with the corresponding poly12 (98%) or poly16 (100%) probes. The analysis of tomato seeds revealed that both, single and polyprobes, were able to detect an infected seed in a pool of 250 healthy seeds. Finally, a ring-test analysis among six laboratories revealed a high reproducibility of the non-radioactive molecular hybridization procedure using the three polyprobes. The use of this technology in the routine analysis of tomato samples is discussed.This work was supported by grant BIO2017-88321-R from the Spanish Direccion General de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica (DGICYT) and the Prometeo Program GV2015/010 from the Generalitat Valenciana.Sanchez Navarro, JA.; Corachán Valencia, L.; Font San Ambrosio, MI.; Alfaro Fernández, AO.; Pallás Benet, V. (2019). Polyvalent detection of twelve viruses and four viroids affecting tomato by using a unique polyprobe. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 155(1):361-368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-019-01763-6S361368155

Evaluation of PCR and non-radioactive molecular hybridization techniques for the routine diagnosis of Tomato leaf curl new delhi virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus

[EN] The begomovirus Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) has been reported as a causal agent of leaf curl disease in tomato and other solanaceous crops and, more recently, affecting different cucurbitaceous crops. ToLCNDV was first detected in Asia and recently in Europe, in 2013. In the present analysis, we have evaluated the PCR and the non-radioactive nucleic acids spot hybridization (NASH) techniques together with two nucleic acids extraction protocols, for the routine diagnosis of ToLCNDV and its discrimination from the closely related Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV) and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). A protocol, designed to extract only the DNA, gave the best results with the PCR technique meanwhile the use of silica, which favors total nucleic acids extraction, was the best extraction protocol for the NASH. All allowed the specific detection of ToLCNDV but only some of the general begomovirus primers allowed the detection of all three viruses. The two ToLCNDV riboprobes analyzed by NASH, targeting the replicase and the coat protein genes, respectively, detected the virus with no cross-reaction with the TYLCV and TYLCSV infected extracts, obtaining a better detection limit with the replicase riboprobe. Direct comparison between the PCR and NASH techniques by the analysis of 42 field samples, revealed a good correlation between the two techniques. In addition, some samples were detected only by NASH due the presence of PCR inhibitors. The use of the PCR and NASH for the routine diagnosis of ToLCNDV is discussed.We thank L. Corachan for her excellent technical assistance. This work was supported by grants BIO2014-54862-R from the Spanish granting agency DGICYT and SP20140770 funded by Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (MECD) as a part of the Program of the Campus of International Excellence, which belongs to the Program of Assessing and Combined Resources R&D of VLC/CAMPUS2014. Authors want to thank Dr. P. Martinez-Culebras for the design of PGI/PGII primers included in Font (2003).Alfaro Fernández, AO.; Sanchez Navarro, JA.; Landeira, M.; Font San Ambrosio, MI.; Hernández Llopis, D.; Pallás Benet, V. (2016). Evaluation of PCR and non-radioactive molecular hybridization techniques for the routine diagnosis of Tomato leaf curl new delhi virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus. JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY. 98(2):245-254. https://doi.org/10.4454/JPP.V98I2.003S24525498

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